Which service is responsible for mapping the locations of resources on the internet?

The Domain Name Service (DNS) is responsible for mapping the locations of resources on the internet by translating human-readable domain names into IP addresses, which are used by computers to identify and locate each other on the network. This system allows users to access websites using easy-to-remember names instead of complex numerical addresses. When you enter a website address in a browser, DNS servers resolve this name to the corresponding IP address, enabling your device to connect to the web server hosting that site.

The other options serve different purposes. An Internet Service Provider (ISP) offers internet connectivity to users but does not map resources. Cable service typically refers to the provision of television programming and may only tangentially relate to internet services. Routers direct data packets between networks and devices but do not perform the name resolution function that DNS is specifically designed for.